In black and red: 75 years of the DMK

The DMK, a political party that split from the DK, shifted the focus of mass Dravidianism from heresy to community politics by incorporating ethnic categories into popular discourse. This change led to the mobilization of a broad coalition across different social strata. The party’s ability to form alliances and adapt to changing times has kept it relevant for 75 years. Initially targeting the Congress as a tool of north Indian domination, the DMK evolved into a moderate force under leaders like C.N. Annadurai. The party has engaged in agitations against issues like caste-based education and the imposition of Hindi, gaining popularity through alliances with influential figures and using Tamil cinema as a tool for political messaging. Despite facing challenges like dynastic politics and government dismissals, the DMK has continued to address social and economic issues, such as women’s empowerment and housing schemes, reflecting its commitment to social welfare. The DMK initially underestimated MGR and Jayalalithaa, which hurt the party. Their handling of the Sri Lankan civil war in 2009 is still criticized. Despite focusing on broader goals like the two-language formula and social justice, the party has made compromises to survive. They have made U-turns in alliances with the Congress and BJP in the past. The BJP’s failed alliance with the DMK in the 2024 election shows the AIADMK still poses a threat. The DMK is prepared for new challenges, like actor Vijay’s party, and will focus on issues affecting youth welfare in the future.